Transient leukocytopenia following combination therapy for COVID-19

Respir Investig. 2022 Jan;60(1):158-161. doi: 10.1016/j.resinv.2021.09.007. Epub 2021 Oct 9.

Abstract

Background: Combination therapy with dexamethasone, remdesivir, and baricitinib has become a promising treatment for moderate or severe COVID-19; however, we have observed transient leukocytopenia in COVID-19 patients who received combination therapy.

Methods: Twelve consecutive COVID-19 patients treated with combination therapy were included in this retrospective analysis. Blood cell counts collected at the following three time points were analyzed: before the start of therapy (period 1), within 24 h of starting therapy (period 2), and within 48 h of period 2 (period 3).

Results: The leukocyte count significantly decreased in period 2 compared to period 1 and then significantly increased in period 3 without withdrawal of baricitinib. The neutrophil count transiently decreased in period 2 and recovered in period 3.

Conclusions: Clinicians should be aware of transient leukocytopenia in patients with COVID-19 during the early phase of combination therapy.

Keywords: Baricitinib; COVID-19; Leukocytopenia; Remdesivir.

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19*
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Humans
  • Leukopenia* / chemically induced
  • Retrospective Studies
  • SARS-CoV-2