Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of Usnea longissima (L.) Ach.: Optimization by Box-Behnken design (BBD)

Ceren Atila Dinçer; Ceren Gökalp; Bengü Getiren; Atila Yildiz; Nuray Yildiz

doi:10.3906/kim-2102-66

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of Usnea longissima (L.) Ach.: Optimization by Box-Behnken design (BBD)

Turk J Chem. 2021 Aug 27;45(4):1248-1256. doi: 10.3906/kim-2102-66. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Ceren Atila Dinçer¹, Ceren Gökalp¹, Bengü Getiren¹, Atila Yildiz², Nuray Yildiz¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, Tandoğan, Ankara Turkey.
² Department of Biology, Ankara University, Ankara Turkey.

Abstract

Usnic acid (UA) was extracted from Usnea longissima (L.) Ach. in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO₂) medium. The selected process parameters were extraction temperature (35-45 °C), amount of co-solvent (0%-5%) and extraction time (5-9 h). These parameters were applied to Box-Behnken design (BBD) belonging to response surface methodology (RSM) to determine optimum process parameters for the highest amount of UA in the extract. g UA/100g lichen, extraction yield % and UA content values were calculated in the range of 0.045-0.317, 2.77-5.4 and 71%-82% in different experimental conditions, respectively. The optimum conditions were predicted as 42 °C, 4.3% (ethanol) and 7.48 h. It was determined that the predicted and experimental values of g UA/100g lichen were compatible, and the suggested model was valid.

Keywords: 9response surface methodology (RSM); Usnea longissima (L.) Ach.; supercritical extraction; usnic acid (UA).