Seed Oil Quality and Cultivation of Sambucus williamsii Hance as a New Oil Crop

Shuyue Wang; Yongxin Yu; Mingxiao Cui; Kehai Liu; Kewu Liu

doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.796175

Seed Oil Quality and Cultivation of Sambucus williamsii Hance as a New Oil Crop

Front Nutr. 2021 Dec 24:8:796175. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.796175. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Shuyue Wang¹, Yongxin Yu¹, Mingxiao Cui¹, Kehai Liu^{1

2}, Kewu Liu³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biopharmaceutics, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
² National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Canter for Food Science and Engineering, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
³ Mudanjiang Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry, Mudanjiang, China.

Abstract

Natural edible oil derived from wild non-cultivated oil crops contributed to human daily nutritional diversity and disease prevention. It was important to investigate the nutritional value of these oils and the feasibility of crop cultivation. The present study focused on the assessment of seed oil quality of Sambucus williamsii Hance (SWH) and its molecular breeding. Wild SWH seed oil was extracted by supercritical CO₂ technology and the composition of the oil was determined by using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The oil content of SWH seeds reaches around 40%. Its seed oil was found to be rich in unsaturated fatty acids, such as 24.24% of linolenic acid and 50.56% of linoleic acid, and vitamin E (25.92 mg kg^-1). The cytotoxicity and heavy metal analysis showed SWH seed oil was safe for consumption. In addition, the SWH strains with excellent characteristics were screened out for cultivation according to genetic diversity and morphological analysis. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of 28 accessions of wild SWH seeds and 5 accessions were selected to cultivate. Among them, two strains of SWH (sample 3 and 6) with high yielding (275.7 and 266.8 area yield kg^-1) were suitable for dense planting and could be used to establish the raw material forest of SWH seed oil. The results of this study indicated the potential of development of selected SWH as novel oil crops and their wide cultivation.

Keywords: Sambucus williamsii Hance; breeding; genetic diversity; nutrition; vegetable oil.