Background: Rehabilitation can be proposed to transfemoral amputees to improve functional abilities and limit the risk of early degeneration of the musculoskeletal system partly due to altered kinematic behavior. The main aim of this study was to assess the impact of functional rehabilitation on clinical walking tests, gait symmetry and pelvis and trunk kinematics in transfemoral amputees during overground walking.
Methods: Eleven transfemoral amputees followed a functional rehabilitation program with objectives aimed at improving walking abilities and gait symmetry. Clinical functional tests, symmetry between prosthetic and intact sides and trunk and pelvis motions were recorded before and after rehabilitation.
Findings: Clinical walking tests were improved after rehabilitation (p < 0.05), and step width was reduced (p = 0.04). Regarding symmetry between the single stances on the prosthesis and intact sides, only a significant decrease in trunk frontal inclination asymmetry was noted after rehabilitation (p = 0.01). Pelvic frontal obliquity was significantly increased during prosthetic (p = 0.02) and intact single stances (p = 0.005).
Interpretation: Our study showed a positive effect of rehabilitation on transfemoral amputees functional abilities. These improvements were associated with higher pelvic mobility in frontal plane and a more symmetrical redistribution of the frontal trunk sway around the vertical axis during gait. These results suggest the importance of a postural reeducation program for transfemoral amputees aimed at improving pelvic dynamic control while repositioning the trunk by postural corrections during gait.
Keywords: Amputation; Biomechanics; Locomotion; Rehabilitation.
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