COVID-19 in patients with B cell immune deficiency

Paschalis Vergidis; Emily R Levy; Elizabeth H Ristagno; Vivek N Iyer; John C O'Horo; Avni Y Joshi

doi:10.1016/j.jim.2022.113351

COVID-19 in patients with B cell immune deficiency

J Immunol Methods. 2022 Nov:510:113351. doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2022.113351. Epub 2022 Sep 7.

Authors

Paschalis Vergidis¹, Emily R Levy², Elizabeth H Ristagno³, Vivek N Iyer⁴, John C O'Horo⁵, Avni Y Joshi⁶

Affiliations

¹ Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
² Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
³ Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
⁴ Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
⁵ Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
⁶ Division of Pediatric and Adult Allergy and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Electronic address: Joshi.Avni@mayo.edu.

Abstract

This article aims to describe the clinical manifestations and management of COVID-19 in patients with primary and secondary B cell deficient states. We describe the epidemiologic and clinical features as well as unique management paradigm including isolation precautions with COVID-19. We then focus upon primary and secondary preventive approaches including vaccination and pre- as well as post-exposure prophylaxis. Further, we elaborate upon the important disease specific risk factors in these patients and the need to conduct prospective clinical trials to develop individualized management strategies in this population.

Keywords: B cell immunodeficiency; COVID-19; PIDD; Prophylaxis; SARS-CoV-2; Vaccine.

MeSH terms

COVID-19*
Humans
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
Prospective Studies
SARS-CoV-2
Vaccination