Sequential conversion of PtdIns3P to PtdIns(3,5)P2 via endosome maturation couples nutrient signaling to lysosome reformation and basal autophagy

Autophagy. 2023 Apr;19(4):1365-1367. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2124499. Epub 2022 Sep 26.

Abstract

Macroautophagy/autophagy occurs basally under nutrient-rich conditions in most mammalian cells, contributing to protein and organelle quality control, and protection against aging and neurodegeneration. During autophagy, lysosomes are heavily utilized via their fusion with autophagosomes and must be repopulated to maintain autophagic degradative capacity. During starvation-induced autophagy, lysosomes are generated via de novo biogenesis under the control of TFEB (transcription factor EB), or by the recycling of autolysosome membranes via autophagic lysosome reformation (ALR). However, these lysosome repopulation processes do not operate under nutrient-rich conditions. In our recent study, we identify a sequential phosphoinositide conversion pathway that enables lysosome repopulation under nutrient-rich conditions to facilitate basal autophagy. Phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate (PtdIns[3,4]P2) signals generated downstream of phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha (PI3Kα) during growth factor stimulation are converted to phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) on endosomes by INPP4B (inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type II B). We show that PtdIns3P is retained as endosomes mature into endolysosomes, and serves as a substrate for PIKFYVE (phosphoinositide kinase, FYVE-type zinc finger containing) to generate phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns[3,5]P2) to promote SNX2-dependent lysosome reformation, basal autophagic flux and protein aggregate degradation. Therefore, endosome maturation couples nutrient signaling to lysosome repopulation during basal autophagy by delivering PI3Kα-derived PtdIns3P to endolysosomes for PtdIns(3,5)P2-dependent lysosome reformation.Abbreviations: ALR: autophagic lysosome reformation; INPP4B: inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type II B; PI3Kα: phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha; PIKFYVE: phosphoinositide kinase FYVE-type zinc finger containing; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; PtdIns(3,4)P2: phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate; PtdIns(3,5)P2 phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate; SNX2 sorting nexin 2; PIK3C3/VPS34 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3.

Keywords: Endosome; INPP4B; PI3Kα; PIKFYVE; lysosome; phosphoinositides.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • 1-Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Autophagy* / physiology
  • Endosomes / metabolism
  • Inositol / metabolism
  • Lysosomes / metabolism
  • Mammals / metabolism
  • Nutrients
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase / metabolism
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism
  • Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates / metabolism
  • Phosphatidylinositols* / metabolism
  • Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / metabolism
  • Polyphosphates / metabolism

Substances

  • phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate
  • Phosphatidylinositols
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
  • 1-Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase
  • Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates
  • Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase
  • Polyphosphates
  • Inositol

Grants and funding

The work was supported by the Australian Research Council [DP220103810]; Australian Research Council [DP190102499]; Australian Government Research Training Program [N/A]