Introduction: The efficacy of azithromycin to prevent exacerbation for non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis remains controversial. We conduct this meta-analysis to explore the influence of azithromycin versus placebo for the treatment of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.
Methods: We have searched PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases through July 2019 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of azithromycin versus placebo for non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. This meta-analysis was performed using the random-effect model.
Results: Four RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with control group for non-cystic-fibrosis bronchiectasis, azithromycin treatment was associated with improved free of exacerbation (odd ratios [OR] = 3.66; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.69-7.93; P = 0.001), reduced pulmonary exacerbations (OR = 0.27; 95% CI 0.13-0.59; P = 0.001) and number of pulmonary exacerbations (standard mean difference [SMD] = - 0.87; 95% CI - 1.21 to - 0.54; P < 0.00001), but demonstrate no obvious impact on forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), score on St George's respiratory questionnaire, nausea or vomiting, adverse events.
Conclusions: Azithromycin is effective to prevent exacerbation of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.
Keywords: Azithromycin; Exacerbation; Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis; Randomized controlled trials.
© 2022. The Author(s).