Epigenetic regulation of bone remodeling and bone metastasis

Gunjan Sharma; Ashrafi Sultana; K M Abdullah; Ramesh Pothuraju; Mohd Wasim Nasser; Surinder Kumar Batra; Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui

doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.11.002

Epigenetic regulation of bone remodeling and bone metastasis

Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2024 Feb 15;154(Pt C):275-285. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.11.002. Epub 2022 Nov 12.

Authors

Gunjan Sharma¹, Ashrafi Sultana¹, K M Abdullah¹, Ramesh Pothuraju¹, Mohd Wasim Nasser², Surinder Kumar Batra³, Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
² Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
³ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
⁴ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA. Electronic address: jawed.siddiqui@unmc.edu.

PMID: 36379849
PMCID: PMC10175516 (available on 2025-02-15)
DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.11.002

Abstract

Bone remodeling is a continuous and dynamic process of bone formation and resorption to maintain its integrity and homeostasis. Bone marrow is a source of various cell lineages, including osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone formation and resorption, respectively, to maintain bone homeostasis. Epigenetics is one of the elementary regulations governing the physiology of bone remodeling. Epigenetic modifications, mainly DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs, regulate stable transcriptional programs without causing specific heritable alterations. DNA methylation in CpG-rich promoters of the gene is primarily correlated with gene silencing, and histone modifications are associated with transcriptional activation/inactivation. However, non-coding RNAs regulate the metastatic potential of cancer cells to metastasize at secondary sites. Deregulated or altered epigenetic modifications are often seen in many cancers and interwound with bone-specific tropism and cancer metastasis. Histone acetyltransferases, histone deacetylase, and DNA methyltransferases are promising targets in epigenetically altered cancer. High throughput epigenome mapping and targeting specific epigenetics modifiers will be helpful in the development of personalized epi-drugs for advanced and bone metastasis cancer patients. This review aims to discuss and gather more knowledge about different epigenetic modifications in bone remodeling and metastasis. Further, it provides new approaches for targeting epigenetic changes and therapy research.

Keywords: Acetylation; And Bone metastasis; Bone remodeling; Circular RNA; DNA methylation; Epigenetic modification; Histone modifications; Long non-coding RNA; MicroRNA; Non-coding RNA.

Publication types

Review

Abstract

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