Although women have existed in medicine and surgery for thousands of years, challenges continue to persist to date. Despite being discouraged and excluded from training, sponsorship, and opportunities, throughout the history of Hand Surgery, female surgeons have found ways to contribute significantly to science, our organizations, each other, changing the culture, and engaging the next generation of female trainees. This article integrates historical facts with oral history about Hand Surgery training, national societies, interest groups, achievements, and lived experiences to tell the history and legacy of women in Hand Surgery.
Keywords: Advocacy; Diversity; Female; Hand surgery; History; Leadership; Pregnancy; Women.
Published by Elsevier Inc.