Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 40 regulates piglet performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status and gut microbiota

Zipeng Jiang; Weifa Su; Wentao Li; Chaoyue Wen; Shuai Du; Huan He; Yu Zhang; Tao Gong; Xinxia Wang; Yizhen Wang; Mingliang Jin; Zeqing Lu

doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2022.09.006

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 40 regulates piglet performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status and gut microbiota

Anim Nutr. 2022 Oct 1:12:116-127. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.09.006. eCollection 2023 Mar.

Authors

Zipeng Jiang^{1

2

3

4

5}, Weifa Su^{1

2

3

4

5}, Wentao Li^{1

2

3

4

5}, Chaoyue Wen^{1

2

3

4

5}, Shuai Du^{1

2

3

4

5}, Huan He^{1

2

3

4

5}, Yu Zhang^{1

2

3

4

5}, Tao Gong^{1

2

3

4

5}, Xinxia Wang^{1

2

3

4

5}, Yizhen Wang^{1

2

3

4

5}, Mingliang Jin^{1

2

3

4

5}, Zeqing Lu^{1

2

3

4

5}

Affiliations

¹ National Engineering Research Centre for Green Feed and Healthy Farming, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
² Key Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
⁴ Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
⁵ College of Animal Science, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Abstract

Probiotics can improve animal growth performance and intestinal health. Bacillus species, Lactobacillus species, Bifidobacterium species, yeast etc. are the common types of probiotics. However, understanding the effects of probiotics on the immune status and gut microbiota of weaning piglets and how the probiotics exert their impact are still limited. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 40 (BA40) on the performance, immune status and gut microbiota of piglets. A total of 12 litters of newborn piglets were randomly divided into 3 groups. Piglets in control group were orally dosed with phosphate buffered saline; BA40 group and probiotics group were orally gavaged with resuspension BA40 and a probiotics product, respectively. The results showed that BA40 treatment significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the diarrhea incidence (from d 5 to 40), diamine oxidase, D-lactate, interleukin (IL)-1β and interferon-γ concentrations compared with control group and probiotics group. Meanwhile BA40 dramatically increased the total antioxidant capacity, IL-10 and secretory immunoglobulin-A concentrations in contrast to control group. For the microbial composition, BA40 modulated the microbiota by improving the abundance of Bacteroides, Phascolarctobacterium (producing short-chain fatty acids) and Desulfovibrio and reducing the proliferation of pathogens (Streptococcus, Tyzzerella, Vellionella and paraeggerthella). Meanwhile, a metabolic function prediction explained that carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism enriched in BA40 group in contrast to control group and probiotics group. For correlation analysis, the results demonstrated that BA40-enriched Phascolarctobacterium and Desulfovibrio provide insights into strategies for elevating the health status and performance of weaned piglets. Altogether, BA40 exerted stronger ability in decreasing diarrhea incidence and improved antioxidant activity, gut barrier function and immune status of piglets than the other treatments. Our study provided the experimental and theoretical basis for the application of BA40 in pig production.

Keywords: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; Gut microbiota; Immune status; Metabolic function; Piglet.