Immunogenicity of the BA.1 and BA.4/BA.5 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Bivalent Boosts: Preliminary Results From the COVAIL Randomized Clinical Trial

Angela R Branche; Nadine G Rouphael; Cecilia Losada; Lindsey R Baden; Evan J Anderson; Anne F Luetkemeyer; David J Diemert; Patricia L Winokur; Rachel M Presti; Angelica C Kottkamp; Ann R Falsey; Sharon E Frey; Richard Rupp; Martín Bäcker; Richard M Novak; Emmanuel B Walter; Lisa A Jackson; Susan J Little; Lilly C Immergluck; Siham M Mahgoub; Jennifer A Whitaker; Tara M Babu; Paul A Goepfert; Dahlene N Fusco; Robert L Atmar; Christine M Posavad; Antonia Netzl; Derek J Smith; Kalyani Telu; Jinjian Mu; Mat Makowski; Mamodikoe K Makhene; Sonja Crandon; David C Montefiori; Paul C Roberts; John H Beigel

doi:10.1093/cid/ciad209

Immunogenicity of the BA.1 and BA.4/BA.5 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Bivalent Boosts: Preliminary Results From the COVAIL Randomized Clinical Trial

Clin Infect Dis. 2023 Aug 22;77(4):560-564. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad209.

Authors

Angela R Branche¹, Nadine G Rouphael², Cecilia Losada², Lindsey R Baden³, Evan J Anderson⁴, Anne F Luetkemeyer⁵, David J Diemert⁶, Patricia L Winokur⁷, Rachel M Presti⁸, Angelica C Kottkamp⁹, Ann R Falsey¹, Sharon E Frey¹⁰, Richard Rupp¹¹, Martín Bäcker¹², Richard M Novak¹³, Emmanuel B Walter¹⁴, Lisa A Jackson¹⁵, Susan J Little¹⁶, Lilly C Immergluck¹⁷, Siham M Mahgoub¹⁸, Jennifer A Whitaker¹⁹, Tara M Babu²⁰, Paul A Goepfert²¹, Dahlene N Fusco²², Robert L Atmar¹⁹, Christine M Posavad²³, Antonia Netzl²⁴, Derek J Smith²⁴, Kalyani Telu²⁵, Jinjian Mu²⁵, Mat Makowski²⁵, Mamodikoe K Makhene²⁶, Sonja Crandon²⁶, David C Montefiori²⁷, Paul C Roberts²⁶, John H Beigel²⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine, University of Rochester VTEU, Rochester, New York, USA.
² Department of Medicine, Emory University Hope Clinic, Decatur, Georgia, USA.
³ Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
⁴ Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines (CCIV) of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
⁵ Zuckerberg San Francisco General, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
⁶ George Washington Vaccine Research Unit, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA.
⁷ Department of Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
⁸ Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
⁹ Department of Medicine, New York University (NYU) Vaccine and Treatment Evaluation Unit (VTEU) Manhattan Research Clinic at NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
¹⁰ Saint Louis University, Center for Vaccine Development, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
¹¹ Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.
¹² Department of Medicine, NYU VTEU Long Island Research Clinic at NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York, USA.
¹³ Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago-Project WISH, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Pediatrics, Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
¹⁵ Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.
¹⁶ Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Microbiology/Biochemistry/Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Medicine, Howard University College of Medicine, Howard University Hospital, Washington DC, USA.
¹⁹ Departments of Molecular Virology and Microbiology and Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
²⁰ Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
²¹ Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
²² Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
²³ Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
²⁴ Centre for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
²⁵ The Emmes Company, LLC, Rockville, Maryland, USA.
²⁶ Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
²⁷ Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Abstract

In a randomized clinical trial, we compare early neutralizing antibody responses after boosting with bivalent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines based on either BA.1 or BA.4/BA.5 Omicron spike protein combined with wild-type spike. Responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants exhibited the greatest reduction in titers against currently circulating Omicron subvariants for both bivalent vaccines.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; vaccine; variant.

Publication types

Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

Antibodies, Neutralizing
Antibodies, Viral
COVID-19* / prevention & control
Humans
SARS-CoV-2 / genetics
Vaccines, Combined

Immunogenicity of the BA.1 and BA.4/BA.5 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Bivalent Boosts: Preliminary Results From the COVAIL Randomized Clinical Trial

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Abstract

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