Mitochondrial control of innate immune responses

Shasha Chen; Zhiyong Liao; Pinglong Xu

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1166214

Mitochondrial control of innate immune responses

Front Immunol. 2023 May 30:14:1166214. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1166214. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Shasha Chen¹, Zhiyong Liao¹, Pinglong Xu^{2

3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China.
² Institute of Intelligent Medicine, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University (HIC-ZJU), Hangzhou, China.
³ Ministry of Education (MOE) Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
⁴ Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Abstract

Mitochondria are versatile organelles and essential components of numerous biological processes such as energy metabolism, signal transduction, and cell fate determination. In recent years, their critical roles in innate immunity have come to the forefront, highlighting impacts on pathogenic defense, tissue homeostasis, and degenerative diseases. This review offers an in-depth and comprehensive examination of the multifaceted mechanisms underlying the interactions between mitochondria and innate immune responses. We will delve into the roles of healthy mitochondria as platforms for signalosome assembly, the release of mitochondrial components as signaling messengers, and the regulation of signaling via mitophagy, particularly to cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) signaling and inflammasomes. Furthermore, the review will explore the impacts of mitochondrial proteins and metabolites on modulating innate immune responses, the polarization of innate immune cells, and their implications on infectious and inflammatory diseases.

Keywords: MAVS; cGAS-STING; inflammasome; innate immunity; mitochondria; mitochondrial metabolism; mitophagy; mtDNA.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Immunity, Innate*
Inflammasomes / metabolism
Mitochondria* / metabolism
Mitophagy
Signal Transduction

Substances

Inflammasomes

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the NSFC Projects (82001668 to SC, and 31725017 and 31830052 to PX) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFA1301401 to PX).