Antiprotozoal activity of natural products from Nigerien plants used in folk medicine

Ozlem Sevik Kilicaslan; Sylvian Cretton; Estelle Hausmann; Luis Quirós-Guerrero; Soumana Karimou; Marcel Kaiser; Pascal Mäser; Philippe Christen; Muriel Cuendet

doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1190241

Antiprotozoal activity of natural products from Nigerien plants used in folk medicine

Front Pharmacol. 2023 Jun 23:14:1190241. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1190241. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Ozlem Sevik Kilicaslan^{1

2}, Sylvian Cretton^{1

2}, Estelle Hausmann^{1

2}, Luis Quirós-Guerrero^{1

2}, Soumana Karimou³, Marcel Kaiser^{4

5}, Pascal Mäser^{4

5}, Philippe Christen^{1

2}, Muriel Cuendet^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
² Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
³ Plantasav, Niamey, Niger.
⁴ Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland.
⁵ University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

Abstract

In the course of the screening of plants from Niger for antiprotozoal activity, the methanol extract of Cassia sieberiana, and the dichloromethane extracts of Ziziphus mauritiana and Sesamun alatum were found to be active against protozoan parasites, namely Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania donovani and/or Plasmodium falciparum. Myricitrin (1), quercitrin (2) and 1-palmitoyl-lysolecithin (3) were isolated from C. sieberiana. From Z. mauritiana, the three triterpene derivatives 13, 15, and 16 are described here for the first time. Their chemical structures were determined by 1D and 2D NMR experiments, UV, IR and HRESIMS data. The absolute configurations were assigned via comparison of the experimental and calculated ECD spectra. In addition, eight known cyclopeptide alkaloids (4, 5, 7-12), and five known triterpenoids (6, 14, 17-19) were isolated. The antiprotozoal activity of the isolated compounds, as well as of eleven quinone derivatives (20-30) previously isolated from S. alatum was determined in vitro. The cytotoxicity in L6 rat myoblast cells was also evaluated. Compound 18 showed the highest antiplasmodial activity (IC₅₀ = 0.2 µm) and compound 24 inhibited T. b. rhodesiense with an IC₅₀ value of 0.007 µM. However, it also displayed significant cytotoxicity in L6 cells (IC₅₀ = 0.4 µm).

Keywords: Cassia sieberiana; Sesamum alatum; Ziziphus mauritiana; malaria; neglected tropical diseases.

Grants and funding

This work was supported by a grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation to PM and MC (SNF grant CRSII5_183536).