Objectives: In this review, we discuss the efficacy and safety of biodegradable magnesium screws compared to titanium screws in the treatment of hallux valgus (HV) in patients undergoing distal metatarsal osteotomy (DMO).
Materials and methods: Eligible scientific articles published prior to October 2022 were retrieved from the PubMed, Springer, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library databases. The terms used for searching included "hallux valgus", "distal metatarsal osteotomies", and "bioabsorbable magnesium screw" which were limited in the title or abstract through the text. The title and abstract were checked one by one to exclude the non-related studies. For primary identified studies and relevant systematic reviews, the full texts were accessed and browsed to finally include the eligible studies. No restriction was set on publication language and publication status.
Results: Two randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) and three non-RCTs that met the inclusion criteria were included. There was no significant difference in the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, postoperative HV angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, soft tissue irritation, implant fracture, reoperation, and infection rates between two groups.
Conclusion: Bioabsorbable magnesium compression screws show comparable clinical or radiological results to titanium compression screws in the treatment of HV in patients undergoing DMO.