Genetically predicted lifestyle factors, socioeconomic status and risk of coronary artery disease in individuals with diabetes: a Mendelian randomization study

Front Public Health. 2023 Dec 22:11:1284958. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1284958. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Background: This study explores the causal links between genetically predicted lifestyle factors, socioeconomic status, and coronary artery disease (CAD) risk in individuals with diabetes using a bidirectional Mendelian-randomization approach.

Methods: This study explored the potential causal relationships of lifestyle factors and socioeconomic status with the risk of CAD in diabetes patients by a bidirectional, two-sample Mendelian-randomization (MR) analysis.

Results: Genetically predicted smoking initiation (p = 0.005, 95% CI: 1.08-1.55) and insomnia (p = 0.001, 95% CI: 1.06-1.29) were associated with a higher risk of CAD in individuals with diabetes, whereas educational attainment (p = 0.0001, 95% CI: 0.47-0.78) was associated with a lower risk of CAD. The lifetime smoking index (p = 0.016, 95% CI: 1.12-3.03) was suggestively associated with a higher risk of CAD, while household income before taxes (p = 0.048, 95% CI: 0.41-1.00) was suggestively associated with a lower risk of CAD. In addition, we observed a suggestive negative association between the genetically predicted risk of CAD and the lifetime smoking index (p = 0.016, 95% CI: 0.98-0.99) and a significant causal relationship between the risk of CAD and household income before taxes (p = 0.006, 95% CI: 0.97-0.99).

Conclusion: The results of this study provide evidence that smoking initiation, lifetime smoking index and insomnia are associated with an increased risk of CAD in individuals with diabetes, educational attainment and household income before taxes are associated with a reduced risk of CAD in individuals with diabetes, and the possible role of lifetime smoking index and household income before taxes on the risk of CAD in individuals with diabetes. It provides an opportunity for the prevention and management of CAD in individuals with diabetes.

Keywords: Mendelian randomization; coronary artery disease; diabetes; lifestyles; socioeconomic status.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Coronary Artery Disease* / epidemiology
  • Coronary Artery Disease* / genetics
  • Diabetes Mellitus* / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Life Style
  • Mendelian Randomization Analysis
  • Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders*
  • Social Class

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by the Discipline Construction Project of Guangdong Medical University (4SG21276P and 1003K20220004); The Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province Regional Joint Fund Project (The Key Project) (2020B1515120021); Guangdong Provincial Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund Enterprise Joint Fund (2022A1515220196); Characteristic Innovation Projects of Guangdong General Universities (2019KTSCX046 and 2020KTSCX042); Guangdong Medical University and Southern Medical University to support the warehousing project of scientific research teams (2022); Guangdong Provincial Undergraduate Teaching Quality and Reform Project (2022610); Teaching Reform Project of “New Medical Science” Construction Steering Committee of Guangdong Province (2023183); Education Research and Reform Project of Online Open Course Alliance in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (2023068); University-level Undergraduate Teaching Quality and Teaching Reform Project of Guangdong Medical University (1JG21086 and 1JG22125); Dongguan Science and Technology Specialist Program, 2022. Bioinformatics Data Intensive Mining System Based on R Language Software (2DK22002); Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students of Guangdong Medical University (SZDY001, 2DC22104G and 2022214).