Due to the limitations of eruption time and space, third molars (M3s) are often impacted and induce a variety of oral diseases, bringing adverse effects on the health of their adjacent second molars (M2s). For a long time, a large number of studies have focused on the harm of impacted M3s (I-M3s) to the health of their adjacent teeth, while less attention has been paid to nonimpacted M3s (N-M3s) that have already erupted. In recent years, however, a growing number of studies and evidences have shown that the existence of N-M3s is also an important risk factor for various diseases of their adjacent teeth, whose hazard has not been taken seriously by dentists and patients. Based on the latest results of both domestic and international researches as well as our group, this review summarizes and explains the effects of N-M3s on the periodontal homeostasis and periodontal health of adjacent M2s, so as to provide reference for clinical decision-making of N-M3s and the healthy maintenance of their adjacent teeth.
由于萌出时间和空间的影响，第三磨牙（M3s）常发生阻生并诱发多种口腔疾病，可对其相邻的第二磨牙的健康产生不良影响。长期以来，大量研究聚焦于阻生M3s对邻牙健康的危害，而对已经萌出的非阻生M3s（N-M3s）关注较少。然而，越来越多的研究和证据表明，N-M3s也是邻牙发生多种疾患的重要危险因素，但这种危害并未得到口腔医师和患者的重视。本文结合课题组和国内外最新研究成果，总结并阐释N-M3s对邻牙牙周稳态和牙周健康的影响，为N-M3s的临床决策及其邻牙健康维护提供参考。.