1 Outcomes Research Consortium, Department of Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Department of Intensive Care and Resuscitation, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH. Electronic address: ZakariL@ccf.org.
2 Outcomes Research Consortium, Department of Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
3 Department of Intensive Care and Resuscitation, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
4 Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; HemoSonics, LLC, Durham, NC.