Electric Field-Assisted Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Modified QCM Sensor for Enhanced Detection of Immunoglobulin

Iliya LariMojarad; MirBehrad Mousavi; Mohammad Mahdi Moeini Manesh; Mohammadjavad Bouloorchi Tabalvandani; Majid Badieirostami

doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c09511

Electric Field-Assisted Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Modified QCM Sensor for Enhanced Detection of Immunoglobulin

ACS Omega. 2024 Mar 29;9(14):16026-16034. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09511. eCollection 2024 Apr 9.

Authors

Iliya LariMojarad¹, MirBehrad Mousavi¹, Mohammad Mahdi Moeini Manesh¹, Mohammadjavad Bouloorchi Tabalvandani¹, Majid Badieirostami¹

Affiliation

¹ MEMS Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439957131, Iran.

Abstract

In this study, an electric-field-assisted molecularly imprinted polymer (EFAMIP) as an enhanced form of MIP was developed to improve the MIP-modified quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) biosensors. While exerting a vertical electric field, polymerization of methacrylic acid in the presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) as the template was initiated, and later, after the template removal process, the EFAMIPs were obtained. The polymer surface characterization was conducted by using a scanning electron microscope. The impact of electric field direction on IgG binding sites, forming either EFAMIP-F_ab or EFAMIP-F_c, was assessed. Next, the static measurement results in liquid for EFAMIP-modified QCM and MIP-modified QCM were compared. While encompassing IgG, EFAMIP-modified QCMs exhibited up to a 113.5% higher frequency shift than typical MIP in time-limited detection. The final frequency shift of EFAMIP, which determines the detection limit of IgG, was improved up to 12.5% compared to typical MIP. Moreover, the EFAMIP-F_ab performance was promising for the selective detection of IgG in a solution containing different types of immunoglobulins.