Association of plasma trans fatty acid concentrations with blood pressure and hypertension in U.S. adults

Min Luan; Youping Tian; Dandan Yan; Shuang Liang

doi:10.3389/fendo.2024.1373095

Association of plasma trans fatty acid concentrations with blood pressure and hypertension in U.S. adults

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024 Apr 22:15:1373095. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1373095. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Min Luan^#¹, Youping Tian^#², Dandan Yan³, Shuang Liang⁴

Affiliations

¹ Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
² National Management Office of Neonatal Screening Project for Congenital Heart Disease (CHD), Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
³ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai, China.
⁴ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the association of plasma trans fatty acids (TFAs) biomarkers with the risk of hypertension.

Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES 2009-2010), we conducted a thorough analysis using both the traditional regression model and the Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) model to investigate the associations of individual TFAs and their mixtures with systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and the risk of hypertension in a sample of 1,970 American adults.

Results: The concentrations of TFAs were natural logarithms (ln) transformed to approximate a normal distribution. Multivariate linear regression models showed that each 1-unit increase in ln-transformed plasma concentrations of palmitelaidic, elaidic, vaccenic, and linolelaidic acids was associated with separate 2.94-, 3.60-, 2.46- and 4.78-mm Hg and 2.77-, 2.35-, 2.03-, and 3.70- mm Hg increase in SBP and DBP, respectively (P < 0.05). The BKMR model showed positive associations between the four TFAs mixtures and SBP and DBP. In addition, linolelaidic acid contributed the most to an increased blood pressure. Similar results were observed with the threshold of hypertension (≥130/80 mm Hg).

Conclusion: Our findings provide preliminary evidence that plasma TFA concentrations are associated with increased blood pressure and the risk of hypertension in US adults. This study also suggests that linolelaidic acid might exhibit more deleterious effects on hypertension than other TFAs. Further studies should be conducted to validate these results.

Keywords: Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression; NHANES; United States; blood pressure; hypertension; trans fatty acids.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adult
Aged
Biomarkers / blood
Blood Pressure* / physiology
Female
Humans
Hypertension* / blood
Hypertension* / epidemiology
Male
Middle Aged
Nutrition Surveys*
Risk Factors
Trans Fatty Acids* / blood
United States / epidemiology

Substances

Trans Fatty Acids
Biomarkers

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. The present study was supported by the the Three-year action plan for strengthening the construction of the public health system in Shanghai (grant No. GWVI-11.2-YQ24), Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Grant Award, and the Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (No. YG2019QNA21).