Magnetic metal-organic frameworks as sensitive aptasensors for coronavirus spike protein

Pravanjan Malla; Chi-Hsien Liu; Wei-Chi Wu; Anis Nurashikin Nordin; Dharitri Rath

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2024.342671

Magnetic metal-organic frameworks as sensitive aptasensors for coronavirus spike protein

Anal Chim Acta. 2024 Jun 22:1309:342671. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342671. Epub 2024 May 2.

Authors

Pravanjan Malla¹, Chi-Hsien Liu², Wei-Chi Wu³, Anis Nurashikin Nordin⁴, Dharitri Rath⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
² Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Electronic address: chl@mail.cgu.edu.tw.
³ Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa First Road, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
⁴ VLSI-MEMS Research Unit, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Engineering Faculty, International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia.
⁵ Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Jammu, India.

PMID: 38772664
DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342671

Abstract

Electrochemical biosensors, known for their low cost, sensitivity, selectivity, and miniaturization capabilities, are ideal for point-of-care devices. The magnetic metal-organic framework (MMOF), synthesized using the in-situ growth method, consists of ferric salt, magnetic nanoparticles, histidine, and benzene tetracarboxylic acid. MMOF was sequentially modified with aptamer-biotin and streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase, serving as a detector for spike protein and a transducer converting electrochemical signals using H₂O₂-hydroquinone on a screen-printed electrode. MMOF facilitates easy washing and homogeneous deposition on the working electrode with a magnet, enhancing sensitivity and reducing noise. The physical and electrochemical properties of the modified MMOFs were thoroughly characterized using various analytical techniques. The aptasensors' performance achieved a detection limit of 6 pM for voltammetry and 5.12 pM for impedance spectroscopy in human serum samples. This cost-effective, portable MMOF platform is suitable for rapid point-of-care testing for SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins.

Keywords: Aptasensor; Coronavirus; Magnetic metal-organic framework; Spike protein.

MeSH terms

Aptamers, Nucleotide* / chemistry
Biosensing Techniques* / methods
COVID-19 / diagnosis
COVID-19 / virology
Electrochemical Techniques* / instrumentation
Electrochemical Techniques* / methods
Electrodes
Humans
Limit of Detection*
Magnetite Nanoparticles / chemistry
Metal-Organic Frameworks* / chemistry
SARS-CoV-2* / isolation & purification
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus* / analysis

Substances

spike protein, SARS-CoV-2