We report our high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and conventional CT findings after lung transplantation in 20 patients. Sixty-four examinations were performed 7-511 days after transplantation. The radiological observations were then correlated with the clinical results. The pathological findings in the early postoperative phase were pleural effusion, edema, and pulmonary consolidation. The HRCT findings associated with acute rejection were nonspecific. Dilation and thickening of the walls of the peripheral bronchi is a common, but non-specific feature in bronchiolitis obliterans. The manifestations of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder are discussed in two patients.