Practitioners involved with the medical care of active children often are called on for advice regarding physical activity recommendations in children and adolescents who are ill. This article has covered many general and specific guidelines to be considered when counseling children and their parents. Recommendations regarding specific athletes must be individualized, and there is room for a great deal of common sense. However, information in this article as well as referenced sources should provide readers with current available knowledge to guide the management of individual cases. New developments and research in this field certainly may alter current guidelines.