One polypeptide with two aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activities

Science. 2000 Jan 21;287(5452):479-82. doi: 10.1126/science.287.5452.479.

Abstract

The genome sequences of certain archaea do not contain recognizable cysteinyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) synthetases, which are essential for messenger RNA-encoded protein synthesis. However, a single cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase activity was detected and purified from one such organism, Methanococcus jannaschii. The amino-terminal sequence of this protein corresponded to the predicted sequence of prolyl-tRNA synthetase. Biochemical and genetic analyses indicated that this archaeal form of prolyl-tRNA synthetase can synthesize both cysteinyl-tRNA(Cys) and prolyl-tRNA(Pro). The ability of one enzyme to provide two aminoacyl-tRNAs for protein synthesis raises questions about concepts of substrate specificity in protein synthesis and may provide insights into the evolutionary origins of this process.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases / chemistry
  • Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases / genetics
  • Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases / isolation & purification
  • Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases / metabolism*
  • Binding Sites
  • Cysteine / metabolism
  • Cysteine / pharmacology
  • Escherichia coli / genetics
  • Escherichia coli / growth & development
  • Evolution, Molecular
  • Genes, Archaeal
  • Methanococcus / enzymology*
  • Methanococcus / genetics
  • Multienzyme Complexes / chemistry
  • Multienzyme Complexes / genetics
  • Multienzyme Complexes / isolation & purification
  • Multienzyme Complexes / metabolism*
  • Proline / metabolism
  • Proline / pharmacology
  • RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl / biosynthesis*
  • Sequence Analysis, Protein
  • Substrate Specificity
  • Transfer RNA Aminoacylation
  • Transformation, Bacterial

Substances

  • Multienzyme Complexes
  • RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl
  • Proline
  • Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases
  • prolyl T RNA synthetase
  • cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase
  • Cysteine