Evaluation of the derivates of phosphorescent Pt-coproporphyrin as intracellular oxygen-sensitive probes

Anal Bioanal Chem. 2010 Mar;396(5):1793-803. doi: 10.1007/s00216-009-3399-z. Epub 2010 Jan 10.

Abstract

Several new derivatives of the phosphorescent Pt(II)-coproporphyrin (PtCP) were evaluated with respect to the sensing of intracellular oxygen by phosphorescence quenching. Despite the more favorable molecular charge compared to PtCP, self-loading into mammalian cells was rather inefficient for all the dyes, while cell loading by facilitated transport using transfection reagents produced promising results. The PtCP-NH(2) derivative, which gave best loading efficiency and S/N ratio, was investigated in detail including the optimisation of loading conditions, studies of sub-cellular localization, cytotoxicity, oxygen sensitivity and long-term signal stability. Being spectrally similar to the macromolecular MitoXpress™ probe currently used in this application, the PtCP-NH(2) demonstrated higher loading efficiency and phosphorescent signals, suitability for several problematic cell lines and a slightly increased lifetime scale for the physiological range (0-200 μM O(2)). In physiological experiments with different cell types, mitochondrial uncouplers and inhibitors performed on a time-resolved fluorescence plate reader, this probe produced the anticipated profiles of intracellular oxygen concentration and responses to cell stimulation. Therefore, PtCP-NH(2) represents a convenient probe for the experiments and applications in which monitoring of cellular oxygen levels is required.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biosensing Techniques
  • Calibration
  • Cell Survival
  • Coproporphyrins / chemistry*
  • Fluorescent Dyes / chemical synthesis
  • Fluorescent Dyes / chemistry*
  • Humans
  • Luminescent Measurements
  • Molecular Probes / chemical synthesis
  • Molecular Probes / chemistry*
  • Molecular Structure
  • Organoplatinum Compounds / chemical synthesis
  • Organoplatinum Compounds / chemistry*
  • Oxygen / analysis*
  • Oxygen / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Time Factors
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured

Substances

  • Coproporphyrins
  • Fluorescent Dyes
  • Molecular Probes
  • Organoplatinum Compounds
  • Oxygen