Sleep disturbances and depressed mood: a harmful combination associated with increased leptin levels in women with normal weight

Biol Psychol. 2012 Jan;89(1):163-9. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.10.005. Epub 2011 Oct 19.

Abstract

Leptin, involved in energy regulation and contributor to cardiovascular disease, has been implicated to play a role in depression and sleep disturbances, two closely intertwined conditions. Previous results investigating leptin level alterations either in sleep disorders or in depression have been inconsistent. We investigate the association between leptin levels and the different combinations of depressed mood and sleep disturbances in 1369 subjects (706 men, 663 women), derived from the population-based MONIKA/KORA study. As leptin regulation is known to differ by sex and weight, analyses were performed in normal weight and overweight men and women separately. We found a highly significant association between leptin levels and the combination of depressed mood and sleep disturbances in normal-weight women (BMI ≤ 25) (p<0.01). No associations were found in men and in overweight women. Our results suggest that leptin regulation in depressed mood and sleep disturbances very much depend on sex and weight.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Association
  • C-Reactive Protein / metabolism
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Cholesterol / blood
  • Cholesterol, HDL / blood
  • Cohort Studies
  • Community Health Planning
  • Depressive Disorder / blood*
  • Depressive Disorder / epidemiology*
  • Depressive Disorder / psychology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoradiometric Assay
  • Leptin / blood*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity / epidemiology
  • Obesity / physiopathology
  • Psychometrics
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Sleep Wake Disorders / blood*
  • Sleep Wake Disorders / epidemiology*
  • Sleep Wake Disorders / psychology
  • Surveys and Questionnaires

Substances

  • Cholesterol, HDL
  • Leptin
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • Cholesterol