Keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs) and ameloblastomas are benign odontogenic tumors that primarily occur in the molar region of the mandible. However, it is uncommon for these tumors to arise simultaneously in a patient's jaw. The present study reported the diagnostic process and features of a rare case of the simultaneous occurrence of KCOT and ameloblastoma in the mandible of a 45-year-old male. Image-based diagnosis was challenging due to several conditions, including the intactness of the teeth and bone cortex as well as the sizes and locations of the lesions. Based on radiographic evidence, the patient was initially misdiagnosed and underwent a biopsy for a radicular cyst and a simple bone cyst prior to the correct diagnoses of KCOT and ameloblastoma, respectively. In addition, the present study discussed the diagnostic process of the present case and reviewed previous literature regarding the simultaneous occurrence of benign tumors of the jaw.
Keywords: ameloblastoma; computed tomography image; keratocystic odontogenic tumor; panoramic image; simultaneous occurrence of odontogenic tumors.