Craniofacial Microsomia

Kathleyn A Brandstetter; Krishna G Patel

doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2016.06.006

Craniofacial Microsomia

Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2016 Nov;24(4):495-515. doi: 10.1016/j.fsc.2016.06.006.

Authors

Kathleyn A Brandstetter¹, Krishna G Patel²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 135 Rutledge Avenue, MSC 550, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. Electronic address: brandste@musc.edu.
² Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 135 Rutledge Avenue, MSC 550, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.

PMID: 27712817
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2016.06.006

Abstract

Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) encompasses a broad spectrum of phenotypes. It is thought to result from defective development of the first and second pharyngeal arch structures, and generally presents with anomalies of the mandible and other facial bones, ears, and overlying soft tissues. The cause of CFM is thought to involve both extrinsic and genetic risk factors. Several classification systems have been developed to help stratify patients based on the severity of their defects. Treatment of patients includes repair of bony asymmetry as well as soft tissue defects and auricular anomalies. Surgical intervention is individualized based on each patient's deficits.

Keywords: Costochondral grafting; Craniofacial microsomia; Distraction osteogenesis; Hemifacial microsomia; Oculoauriculovertebral syndrome.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Goldenhar Syndrome / classification
Goldenhar Syndrome / diagnosis
Goldenhar Syndrome / etiology
Goldenhar Syndrome / surgery*
Humans
Mandible / surgery
Orthognathic Surgical Procedures / methods*
Osteogenesis, Distraction
Plastic Surgery Procedures / methods*
Temporomandibular Joint / surgery