Objective: To determine current evidence for the association between diabetes and active tuberculosis in Africa, and how HIV modifies, or not, any association between diabetes and active tuberculosis.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review by searching the EMBASE, Global Health and MEDLINE databases. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they explored the association between diabetes mellitus prevalence and active tuberculosis incidence or prevalence, used a comparison group, were conducted in an African population and adjusted the analysis for at least age. Study characteristics were compared, and risk of bias was assessed. The range of effect estimates was determined for the primary association and for effect modification by HIV.
Results: Three eligible studies were identified: two investigated the primary association and two investigated HIV as a potential effect modifier. All studies were case-control studies, including a combined total of 1958 tuberculosis cases and 2111 non-tuberculosis controls. Diabetes diagnostic methods and analysis strategies varied between studies. Individual study adjusted odds ratios of active tuberculosis for the effect of diabetes mellitus (unstratified) ranged from 0.88 (95% CI 0.17-4.58) to 10.7 (95% CI 4.5-26.0). Individual study P-values for HIV interaction ranged from 0.01 to 0.83. Quantitative synthesis of individual study data was not performed due to heterogeneity between studies.
Conclusions: Few data currently exist on the association between diabetes and active tuberculosis in Africa, and on the effect of HIV on this association. Existing data are disparate. More regional research is needed to guide policy and practice on the care and control of tuberculosis and diabetes in Africa.
Objectif:
Déterminer les preuves actuelles de l'association entre le diabète et la tuberculose active en Afrique et comment le
Méthodes:
Nous avons effectué une revue systématique en recherchant dans les bases de données
Résultats:
Trois études admissibles ont été identifiées: deux ont investigué l'association primaire et deux ont investigué le
Conclusions:
Peu de données existent actuellement sur l'association entre le diabète et la tuberculose active en Afrique, et sur l'effet du
Objetivo:
Determinar la evidencia que existe actualmente sobre la asociación entre diabetes y tuberculosis activa en África, y como el
Métodos:
Hemos llevado a cabo una revisión sistemática utilizando las bases de datos de
Resultados:
Se identificaron tres estudios elegibles: dos investigaban la asociación primaria y dos investigaban el
Conclusiones:
Actualmente existen pocos datos sobre la asociación entre diabetes y tuberculosis activa en África, y sobre el efecto del
Keywords: Africa; Diabetes mellitus; HIV; systematic review; tuberculosis.
© 2016 The Authors. Tropical Medicine & International Health Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.