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Table representation of search results timeline featuring number of search results per year.

Year Number of Results
1973 1
1974 1
1975 1
1977 1
1978 2
1979 1
1980 3
1981 1
1982 2
1983 1
1984 5
1985 4
1986 5
1987 2
1988 6
1989 10
1990 11
1991 9
1992 6
1993 7
1994 8
1995 9
1996 7
1997 6
1998 3
1999 7
2000 18
2001 13
2002 13
2003 18
2004 8
2005 21
2006 18
2007 16
2008 30
2009 31
2010 35
2011 25
2012 24
2013 40
2014 19
2015 29
2016 30
2017 27
2018 10
2019 13
2020 12
2021 9
2022 17
2023 11
2024 2

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558 results

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Page 1
Benefits and Harms of 'Smart Drugs' (Nootropics) in Healthy Individuals.
Schifano F, Catalani V, Sharif S, Napoletano F, Corkery JM, Arillotta D, Fergus S, Vento A, Guirguis A. Schifano F, et al. Drugs. 2022 Apr;82(6):633-647. doi: 10.1007/s40265-022-01701-7. Epub 2022 Apr 2. Drugs. 2022. PMID: 35366192 Review.
'Smart drugs' (also known as 'nootropics' and 'cognitive enhancers' [CEs]) are being used by healthy subjects (i.e. students and workers) typically to improve memory, attention, learning, executive functions and vigilance, hence the reference to a 'pharmaceutical cognit …
'Smart drugs' (also known as 'nootropics' and 'cognitive enhancers' [CEs]) are being used by healthy subjects (i.e. students and work …
Phenibut (beta-phenyl-GABA): a tranquilizer and nootropic drug.
Lapin I. Lapin I. CNS Drug Rev. 2001 Winter;7(4):471-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1527-3458.2001.tb00211.x. CNS Drug Rev. 2001. PMID: 11830761 Free PMC article. Review.
Phenibut (beta-phenyl-gamma-aminobutyric acid HCl) is a neuropsychotropic drug that was discovered and introduced into clinical practice in Russia in the 1960s. It has anxiolytic and nootropic (cognition enhancing) effects. It acts as a GABA-mimetic, primarily at GABA(B) a …
Phenibut (beta-phenyl-gamma-aminobutyric acid HCl) is a neuropsychotropic drug that was discovered and introduced into clinical practice in …
Design and study of piracetam-like nootropics, controversial members of the problematic class of cognition-enhancing drugs.
Gualtieri F, Manetti D, Romanelli MN, Ghelardini C. Gualtieri F, et al. Curr Pharm Des. 2002;8(2):125-38. doi: 10.2174/1381612023396582. Curr Pharm Des. 2002. PMID: 11812254 Review.
After the early serendipitous discovery of first generation cognition enhancers, current research is based on a variety of working hypotheses, derived from the progress of knowledge in the neurobiopathology of cognitive processes. Among other classes of drugs, pi …
After the early serendipitous discovery of first generation cognition enhancers, current research is based on a variety of working hy …
Presence of Piracetam in Cognitive Enhancement Dietary Supplements.
Cohen PA, Zakharevich I, Gerona R. Cohen PA, et al. JAMA Intern Med. 2020 Mar 1;180(3):458-459. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.5507. JAMA Intern Med. 2020. PMID: 31764936 Free PMC article.
This study analyzes 5 brands of dietary supplements to determine the prevalence of the nootropic drug piracetam in supplements advertised as cognitive enhancers....
This study analyzes 5 brands of dietary supplements to determine the prevalence of the nootropic drug piracetam in supplements advert …
Piracetam and piracetam-like drugs: from basic science to novel clinical applications to CNS disorders.
Malykh AG, Sadaie MR. Malykh AG, et al. Drugs. 2010 Feb 12;70(3):287-312. doi: 10.2165/11319230-000000000-00000. Drugs. 2010. PMID: 20166767 Review.
As add-on therapy, it appears to benefit individuals with myoclonus epilepsy and tardive dyskinesia. Phenylpiracetam is more potent than piracetam and is used for a wider range of indications. In combination with a vasodilator drug, piracetam appeared to have an add …
As add-on therapy, it appears to benefit individuals with myoclonus epilepsy and tardive dyskinesia. Phenylpiracetam is more potent than …
Piracetam and other structurally related nootropics.
Gouliaev AH, Senning A. Gouliaev AH, et al. Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 1994 May;19(2):180-222. doi: 10.1016/0165-0173(94)90011-6. Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 1994. PMID: 8061686 Review.
Nearly three decades have now passed since the discovery of the piracetam-like nootropics, compounds which exhibit cognition-enhancing properties, but for which no commonly accepted mechanism of action has been established. ...The piracetam-like nootropics ar …
Nearly three decades have now passed since the discovery of the piracetam-like nootropics, compounds which exhibit cognition-e …
Pyrrolidone derivatives.
Shorvon S. Shorvon S. Lancet. 2001 Dec 1;358(9296):1885-92. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)06890-8. Lancet. 2001. PMID: 11741647 Review.
Experimental and clinical work first focused on their so-called nootropic effects; later came the possibilities for neuroprotection after stroke and use as antiepileptic agents. Piracetam, the first of the class, was developed by pioneering research by C Giurgea in the lat …
Experimental and clinical work first focused on their so-called nootropic effects; later came the possibilities for neuroprotection after st …
Piracetam and levetiracetam: close structural similarities but different pharmacological and clinical profiles.
Genton P, Van Vleymen B. Genton P, et al. Epileptic Disord. 2000 Jun;2(2):99-105. Epileptic Disord. 2000. PMID: 10954241 Free article. Review.
Piracetam (PIR) and levetiracetam (LEV), an S-enantiomer, are pyrrolidone derivatives that share similar chemical structures but have distinct pharmacological profiles and consequently different clinical uses. ...PIR, a nootropic drug, is used in the therapy of age-related …
Piracetam (PIR) and levetiracetam (LEV), an S-enantiomer, are pyrrolidone derivatives that share similar chemical structures but have …
Piracetam Attenuates LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Impairment in Rats.
Tripathi A, Paliwal P, Krishnamurthy S. Tripathi A, et al. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2017 Nov;37(8):1373-1386. doi: 10.1007/s10571-017-0468-2. Epub 2017 Feb 7. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2017. PMID: 28176051
The present study was performed to investigate the effect of piracetam on neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and resulting changes in cognitive behavior. ...Further, piracetam reduced HIP Abeta (1-40) and increased blood Abeta level suggest …
The present study was performed to investigate the effect of piracetam on neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and r …
558 results